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HIV-1 and TB: How Humanized Mice Can Help

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been closely linked since the emergence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), to date the main focus of research has been on studying the diseases separately. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management of both HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infections are different and far more involved in coinfected compared to monoinfected individuals. There are complex interacting forces driving pathogenesis of each disease, and our understanding of these mechanisms remains inadequate to best develop preventive measures against the “dual disease.” Deficiencies in our knowledge mainly stem from the lack of a standardized animal model for studying the synergy between bona fide HIV and M.tb. Although conventional mouse models have improved our understanding of TB outside of the context of HIV, wild-type mice are not amendable for HIV/TB coinfection research. Improvements in the humanized mouse model are allowing HIV-1 and TB copathogenesis studies. Here, we discuss the possibilities for TB/HIV-1 coinfection in humanized mice and the limitations and suggestions on improving the humanized mouse model specifically for TB/HIV-1 coinfection studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Department of Clinical and Laboratory Science and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, UCT Medical School, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Werner Beit Building, 7925, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa

    Antoinette Labuschagné & Muazzam Jacobs

  2. National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Muazzam Jacobs

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  1. Antoinette Labuschagné
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  2. Muazzam Jacobs
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Correspondence to Antoinette Labuschagné .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

    Larisa Y. Poluektova

  2. Center for AIDS Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    J. Victor Garcia

  3. Research Center for AIDS Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Kyoto University Institute for Virus Research, Sakyo-ku, Japan

    Yoshio Koyanagi

  4. Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Markus G. Manz

  5. Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA

    Andrew M. Tager

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Labuschagné, A., Jacobs, M. (2014). HIV-1 and TB: How Humanized Mice Can Help. In: Poluektova, L., Garcia, J., Koyanagi, Y., Manz, M., Tager, A. (eds) Humanized Mice for HIV Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1655-9_38

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