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Chloroplast Gene Expression—Translation

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Plastid Biology

Part of the book series: Advances in Plant Biology ((AIPB,volume 5))

Abstract

Translation has often been shown to represent the rate-limiting step of chloroplast gene expression. Genetic and biochemical analyses indicate that numerous nucleus-encoded protein factors in concert with their cognate target sites on chloroplast mRNAs are involved in determining protein-specific synthesis rates. In this chapter, we summarize the constituents of the chloroplast translational apparatus as well as the molecular principles underlying its spatiotemporal regulation.

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Abbreviations

CES:

Control by epistasy of synthesis

CPSGs:

Chloroplast stress granules

HCF:

High chlorophyll fluorescence

LDMs:

Low density membranes

NTRC:

NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C

OPR:

octotricopeptide repeat

PABP:

Poly(A) binding protein

PET:

Photosynthetic electron transport

PPR:

Pentatricopeptide repeat

PSI:

Photosystem I

PSII:

Photosystem II

PSRPs:

Plastid-specific ribosomal proteins

RRF:

Ribosome recycling factor

SD:

Shine-Dalgarno

TMs:

Thylakoid membranes

TPR:

Tetratricopeptide repeat

UTRs:

Untranslated regions

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to J.N. (Ni390/4-2) and P.W. (SFB TR1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molekulare Pflanzenwissenschaften, Biozentrum LMU München, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany

    Jörg Nickelsen & Alexandra-Viola Bohne

  2. Institut für Entwicklungs- und Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Peter Westhoff

Authors
  1. Jörg Nickelsen
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  2. Alexandra-Viola Bohne
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  3. Peter Westhoff
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Correspondence to Jörg Nickelsen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, Univeristy of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA

    Steven M. Theg

  2. Physiologie Membranaire et Moléculaire du Chloroplaste, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France

    Francis-André Wollman

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Nickelsen, J., Bohne, AV., Westhoff, P. (2014). Chloroplast Gene Expression—Translation. In: Theg, S., Wollman, FA. (eds) Plastid Biology. Advances in Plant Biology, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1136-3_2

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