Abstract
Reactive oxygen species been implicated in oxidative stress and vascular injury. These include the free radicals Superoxide (O2⋅)’ hydroxyl (OH⋅), peroxyl (LO2⋅) and alkoxyl (LO⋅) and the non-radicals hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxides and singlet oxygen. It was originally thought that the hydroxyl radical (OH⋅) was likely to be the most damaging species (1); however, this free radical is so reactive that it has a diffusion distance of no more than a few nm at most (2). The hydroxyl radical’s non-specific reactivity also makes it less likely that it will react with a vital cellular component. Other less reactive free radicals may be more toxic in that they can mediate damage at some distance from where they are formed.
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Cooper, C.E., Torres, J., Sharpe, M.A., Wilson, M.T., Svistunenko, D.A. (1998). Peroxynitrite Reacts with Methemoglobin to Generate Globin-Bound Free Radical Species. In: Hudetz, A.G., Bruley, D.F. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XX. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 454. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4863-8_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4863-8_24
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