Abstract
Sulfur and copper are important for human health. Sulfur deficiency is rare, but may occur in the elderly. However, a large percentage of the U.S. population is deficient in copper. The purpose of this study was to determine the range of values for sulfur and copper available in advanced potato germplasm and varieties and estimate how much genetic variation exists for these two elements. Potato breeding lines and varieties in three multisite trials were evaluated for copper and sulfur content by wet ashing and Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Emission Spectrophotometer analysis. Stability and broad-sense heritability were determined. Among genotypes, copper content ranged from 2.0 to 4.5 ug-g−1 DW. This was a 2.25-fold difference. In these three trials, environment was never significant, while genotype by environment interactions were always significant. Genotype was significant in two of the regional trials. Broad-sense heritabilities were estimated to be 0.0, 0.93 and 0.51 for the Tri-State, Western Regional Russet and Western Regional Red/Specialty trials, respectively. Among genotypes, sulfur content ranged from 991 to 1488 ug-g−1 DW. The highest value was 50 % higher than the lowest. In these three trials, environment was never significant, while genotype x environment interactions were always significant. Genotype was significant in two of the regional trials. Broad-sense heritabilities were estimated to be 0.53, 0.68 and 0.88, for Tri-State, Western Regional Russet, and Western Regional Red/Specialty trials, respectively. For both sulfur and copper, selection in the Western Regional Russet and Western Regional Red/Specialty trials is likely to lead to an increase in content. Selection for sulfur in the Tri-State would result in a gain as well. These results suggest that genetic improvements could be made to potato to enhance the concentrations of these minerals.
Resumen
El azufre y el cobre son importantes para la salud humana. La deficiencia en azufre es rara, pero se puede presentar en la tercera edad. No obstante, un gran porcentaje de la población de los EUA es deficiente en cobre. El Propósito de este estudio fue determinar la amplitud de valores para azufre y cobre disponibles en germoplasma avanzado de papa y en variedades, y estimar cuanta variación genética existe para estos dos elementos. Se evaluaron líneas de mejoramiento de papa y variedades en tres ensayos multi-sitio para el contenido de cobre y azufre por análisis de ceniza húmeda y por Espectrofotómetro de Inducción de Emisión Acoplada de Plasma de Argón. Se determinaron la estabilidad y la heredabilidad de amplio sentido. Entre genotipos, el contenido de cobre varió de 2.0 y 4.5 ug-g-l DW. Esto fue una diferencia de 2.25 veces. En estos tres ensayos, el medio ambiente nunca fue significativo, mientras que las interacciones genotipo-medio ambiente siempre fueron significativas. El genotipo tuvo significancia en dos de los ensayos regionales. Las heredabilidades de amplio sentido se estimaron en 0.0, 0.93, y 0.51 para los ensayos Tri-Estatal, Russet Regional del Oeste, y Rojas/Especiales Regional del Oeste, respectivamente. Entre los genotipos, el contenido de azufre varió de 991 a 1488 ug-g-1 DW. El valor más alto fue 50% mayor que el más bajo. En estos tres ensayos el ambiente nunca fue significativo, mientras que las interacciones genotipo x medio ambiente siempre lo fueron. El genotipo fue significativo en dos de los tres ensayos regionales. Las heredabilidades de amplio sentido se estimaron en 0.53, 0.68, y 0.88 para los ensayos Tri-Estatal, Russet Regional del Oeste, y Rojas/Especiales Regional del Oeste, respectivamente. Tanto para azufre como para cobre, la selección en Russet Regional del Oeste, y Rojas/Especiales Regional del Oeste, es probable que conduzca hacia un aumento en su contenido. La selección para azufre en el Tri-Estatal pudiera también resultar en ganancia. Estos resultados sugieren que los mejoramientos genéticos pudieran hacerse en la papa para aumentar las concentraciones de estos minerales.
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Brown, C.R., Haynes, K.G., Moore, M. et al. Stability and Broad-Sense Heritability of Mineral Content in Potato: Copper and Sulfur. Am. J. Potato Res. 91, 618–624 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-014-9390-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-014-9390-z