Abstract
Common scab, caused by several species of Streptomyces, is a serious soil-borne disease of potatoes that may cause superficial, raised or pitted lesions on potato tubers. Little is known about the genetic basis of resistance to this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine if genetic resistance to common scab exists in a diploid Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu-stn) population and to estimate broad-sense (H) and narrow-sense (h2) heritability for resistance to common scab. Two hundred seventy-one clones from a randomly mated phu-stn population were grown from 2003–2005 in naturally Streptomyces infested soil on a grower’s field in Northampton Co., PA, in a randomized complete block design replicated twice. After harvest, the proportion of tubers with scab lesions was determined. The variable analyzed by the general linear models procedure in SAS using the maximum likelihood estimation method was the arcsine ( √ proportion of scabby tubers). There were significant differences among clones and the year x clone interaction was significant. H for resistance was estimated as 0.18 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.15 to 0.35. The clonal source of variation was partitioned into among families and within families. All the variation occurred within families. There was no additive genetic variance for resistance in this population, hence, h2 was estimated as 0.00. Although levels of resistance to common scab cannot be improved by breeding in this diploid population, it may be feasible to transfer the high levels of resistance in this population to the tetraploid level via 4x-2x crosses.
Resumen
La sarna común, causada por varias especies de Streptomyces, es una enfermedad muy importante de la papa trasmitida por el suelo que puede causar lesiones superficiales levantadas o hundidas en los tubérculos. Se conoce muy poco acerca de la base genética de la resistencia a esta enfermedad. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar si existe resistencia genética en una población diploide de Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu stn) y estimar la herencia de la resistencia en el sentido amplio (H) y sentido restringido (h2) a la sarna común. Se sembraron del 2003 al 2005, 271 clones de una población phu-stn apareada al azar en campo naturalmente infestado por Streptomyces de un productor en Northapton Co., PA, en un diseño de bloque completamente al azar doblemente repetido. Después de la cosecha, se determinó la proporción de tubérculos con lesiones de sarna. Se analizó la variable arco seno (√ proporción de tubérculos con sarna) mediante procedimientos del modelo linear general en SAS, utilizando el método de estimación de máxima verosimilitud. Hubo diferencias significativas entre clones y la interacción años x clon fue significativa. La H para la resistencia se estimó en 0.18 con un 95% de intervalo de confianza de 0.15 a 0.35. La fuente de variación clonal fue distribuida entre familias y dentro de familias. Toda la variación se presentó dentro de familias. No hubo variancia genética aditiva para resistencia en esta población, por consiguiente, h2 fue estimado como 0.00. Aunque los niveles de resistencia a la sarna común no pueden ser mejorados por mejoramiento en esta población diploide, puede ser posible transferir los niveles altos de resistencia de esta población al nivel tetraploide por medio de cruzamientos 4x-2x.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- H:
-
broad-sense heritability
- ML:
-
maximum likelihood
References
Alam, Z. 1972. Inheritance of scab resistance in 24-chromosome potatoes. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, 58 p.
Blomquist, A.W. 1963. A quantitative genetic analysis of resistance to common scab (Streptomyces scabies Thaxt.) in the Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, 61 p.
Cipar, M.S., and C.H. Lawrence. 1972. Scab resistance of haploids from two Solanum tuberosum cultivars. American Potato Journal 49: 117–119.
De Maine, M.J., C.P. Carroll, H.E. Stewart, R.M. Solomon, and R.L. Wastie. 1993. Disease resistance in Solanum phureja and diploid and tetraploid S. tuberosum x S. phureja hybrids. Potato Research 36: 21–28.
Emilsson, B., and N. Gustafsson. 1953. Scab resistance in potato varieties. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 3: 33–52.
Falconer, D.S. 1981. Introduction to quantitative genetics, 2nd ed. New York: Longman.
Goth, R.W., K.G. Haynes, and D.R. Wilson. 1993. Evaluation and characterization of advanced potato breeding clones for resistance to scab by cluster analysis. Plant Disease 77: 911–914.
Haynes, K.G. 1990. Covariances between diploid parent and tetraploid offspring in tetraploid x diploid crosses of Solanum tuberosum L. Journal Heredity 81: 208–210.
Haynes, K.G. 1992. Covariances between haploid-species hybrid and Tuberosum x haploid-species hybrid in 4x-2x crosses of Solanum tuberosum L. Journal Heredity 83: 119–122.
Haynes, K.G. 2001. Variance components for yield and specific gravity in a diploid potato population after two cycles of recurrent selection. American Journal of Potato Research 78: 69–75.
Haynes, K.G., R.W. Goth, and R.J. Young. 1997. Genotype x environment interactions for resistance to common scab in tetraploid potato. Crop Science 37: 1163–1167.
Katepa-Mupondwa, F.M., B.R. Christie, and T.E. Michaels. 2002. An improved breeding strategy for autotetraploid alfalfa. Euphytica 123: 139–146.
Kers, J., K. Cameron, M. Joshi, R. Bukhalid, J. Morello, M. Wach, D. Gibson, and R. Loria. 2005. A large, mobile pathogenicity island confers plant pathogenicity on Streptomyces species. Molecular Microbiology 55: 1025–1033.
Knapp, S.J., W.W. Stroup, and W.M. Ross. 1985. Exact confidence intervals for heritability on a progeny mean basis. Crop Science 25: 192–194.
Krantz, F.A., and C.J. Eide. 1941. Inheritance of reaction to common scab in the potato. Journal of Agricultural Research 63: 219–231.
Lauer, F.I., and C.J. Eide. 1963. Evaluation of parent clones of potato for resistance to common scab by the ‘highest scab’ method. European Potato Journal 6: 35–44.
Littel, R.C., G.A. Milliken, W.W. Stroup, R.D. Wolfinger, and O. Schabenberger. 2006. SAS® for Mixed Models, Second Edition. Chapter 3—Random Effects Models. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
Loria, R., R.A. Bukhalid, B.A. Fry, and R.R. King. 1997. Plant pathogenicity in the genus Streptomyces. Plant Disease 81: 836–846.
Murphy, A.M., H. De Jong, and G.C.C. Tai. 1995. Transmission of resistance to common scab from the diploid to the tetraploid level via 4x-2x crosses in potatoes. Euphytica 82: 227–233.
Nyquist, W.E. 1991. Estimation of heritability and prediction of selection response in plant populations. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 10: 235–322.
SAS® v9.1, 2002–2008, SAS Institute, Inc.: Cary, NC.
Slack, S.A. 1991. A look at potato leafroll virus and potato virus Y: Past, present and future. Badger Common ‘Tater 43: 16–21.
USDA-Agricultural Marketing Service. 1991. United States standards for grades of potatoes. Washington, DC: USDA-AMS.
Wanner, L.A. 2004. Field isolates of Streptomyces differ in pathogenicity and virulence on radish. Plant Disease 88: 785–796.
Wanner, L.A. 2006. A survey of genetic variation in Streptomyces isolates causing potato common scab in the United States. Phytopathology 96: 1363–1371.
Wanner, L.A., and K.G. Haynes. 2009. Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on four potato cultivars and implications for common scab resistance breeding. American Journal of Potato Research (Submitted).
Wricke, G., and E. Weber. 1986. Quantitative genetics and selection in plant breeding. New York; W. de Gruyter.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haynes, K.G., Christ, B.J., Burkhart, C.R. et al. Heritability of Resistance to Common Scab in Diploid Potatoes. Am. J. Pot Res 86, 165–170 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9068-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9068-0