Abstract
This paper presents a pressure output feedback control of turbo compressor surge using tip clearance actuation with a thrust magnetic bearing actuator. First, static and dynamic compressor models were obtained for a commercial turbocharger, and the surge point was found through local stability analysis. Then, the effect of tip clearance on the compressor pressure rise was derived, and Lyapunov analysis was used to establish a limit of stability with tip clearance modulation. After that, a linear quadratic (LQ) state feedback control was designed considering the limit established by the Lyapunov analysis. In addition, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) was designed to estimate the mass flow rate from the measured compressor pressure. Finally, the pressure output feedback controller was built by combining the LQ state feedback control and EKF. Control simulation proved the effectiveness of the output feedback controller.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F. Willems and B. De Jager, Modeling and control of compressor flow instability, IEEE control systems, (1999) 8–18.
Z. S. Spakovsky, J. D. Paduano, R. Larsonneur, A. Traxler and M. M. Bright, Tip Clearance Actuation with Magnetic Bearing For High Speed Compressor Stall Control, ASME Turbo Expo (2000).
D. Sanadgol and E. H. Maslen, Sliding Mode Controller for Active Control of Surge in Centrifugal Compressors with Magnetic Thrust Bearing Actuation, Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings, Lexington, USA (2004).
D. Sanadgol and E. H. Maslen, Backstepping for Active Control of Surge in Unshrouded Centrifugal Compressors with Magnetic Thrust Bearing Actuation, ASME TURBO EXPO (2005).
D. Sanadgol and E. H. Maslen, Effects of Actuator Dynamics in Active Control of Surge with Magnetic Thrust Bearing Actuation, IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, Monterey, CA, USA, (2005).
J. R. Corrado, W. M. Haddad and A. Leonessa, Pressure feedback reduced-order dynamic compensation for axial flow compression systems, Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, Kohala Coast, HI, USA, (1999) 371–376.
M. Maggiore and K. Passino, Output feedback control of stabilizable and in completely observable systems: Jet engine stall and surge control, Proceedings of the 2000 American Control Conference, 5,, Chicago, IL, USA, (2000) 3626–3630.
F. Willems, Modeling and Bounded Feedback Stabilization of Centrifugal Compressor Surge, PhD thesis, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands, (2000).
F. Willems, B. De Jager, J. T. Gravdahl and O. Egeland, Modeling for surge control of centrifugal compressors: comparison with experiment, Proc. of the 39th IEEE conference on Decision and Control (2000).
O. Egeland, J. T. Gravdahl and S. O. Vatland, Active surge control of centrifugal compressors using drive torque, Proceedings of the 40th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, (2001).
F. Moore and E. M. Greitzer, A theory of poststall transients in axial compression systems: Part I-development of equations, ASME J. Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 108(1) (1986) 68–78.
D. A. Fink, N.A. Cumpsty and E. M. Greitzer, Surge dynamics in a free-spool centrifugal compressor System, J. of Turbomachinery, 114 (1992) 321–332.
Y. Senoo, Pressure losses and flow field distortion induced by tip clearance of centrifugal and axial compressors, JSME Int. Journal, 30(261) (1987) 375–385.
M. E. Campbell and S. Brunke, Nonlinear estimation of aircraft models for on-line control customization, Aerospace Conference, 2001, IEEE Proceedings, 2, Big Sky, MT, USA, (2001) 621–628.
M. Norgaard, KALMTOOL, State estimation for Nonlinear Systems, 2-edition, (2001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Dong Hwan Kim
Dr. Ahn earned Ph.D. from Seoul National University in 2001. He was a research associate of University of Virginia. He is currently an assistant professor of department of mechanical engineering at Soongsil University and serving as an editor of international journal of rotating machinery. His research interests are rotordynamics, control and mechatronics.
Mr. Park is a junior research engineer in Doosan infracore. He received his master from Seoul National University. His research area is on dynamics and control of rotating machinery.
Dr. Sanadgol is an assistant Professor of Physics and Engineering at Sweet Briar College. She earned her PhD in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering with a focus in controls from the University of Virginia in 2006. Her research interests are in controlling flow instabilities in compressors and application of nonlinear control theories to mechatronics systems.
Dr. Park received his PhD degree from the Seoul National University, Korea in 2007. He is currently director of research institute at KMB&SENSOR company. His research interests include the precision machine design, rotor dynamics, and magnetic actuators.
Dr. Han received the Dipl.-Ing. and Dr.-Ing. in mechanical engineering from University of Karsruhe, Germany in 1975 and 1979, respectively. In 1982, he joined the school of mechanical and aerospace engineering, Seoul National University as an assistant professor. He is currently an honorary professor of mechanical engineering. His research interests are in machine element design, magnetic bearing, lubrication engineering and Bio-MEMS devices.
Dr. Maslen is a Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Virginia. He earned his Bachelor of Science in 1980 from Cornell University and his doctorate from the University of Virginia in 1991. His research focuses on application of automatic controls to electromechanical systems with a concentration in magnetic bearings.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ahn, HJ., Park, MS., Sanadgol, D. et al. A pressure output feedback control of turbo compressor surge with a thrust magnetic bearing actuator. J Mech Sci Technol 23, 1406–1414 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-008-1125-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-008-1125-y