Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising material for photocatalyst coatings. However, it is difficult to fabricate a TiO2 coating with anatase phase by conventional thermal spray processes due to a thermal transformation to rutile phase. In this paper, anatase TiO2 coatings were fabricated by the cold spray process. To understand the influence of process gas conditions on the fabrication of the coatings, the gas nature (helium or nitrogen) and the gas temperature are investigated. It was possible to fabricate TiO2 coatings with an anatase phase in all spraying conditions. The process gas used is not an important factor to fabricate TiO2 coatings. The thickness of the coatings increased with the process gas temperature increasing. It indicates that the deposition efficiency of the sprayed particles can be enhanced by controlling the spray conditions. The photocatalytic activity of the coatings is similar or better than the feedstock powder due to the formation of a large reaction area. Concludingly, cold spraying is an ideal process for the fabrication of a TiO2 photocatalyst coating.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Fukumoto, H. Murayama, and Y.G. Jung, Fabrication Possibility of Photocatalyst TiO2 Coating by Thermal Spraying, Proc. International Symposium on Environmental Materials and Recycling, 2001, p 11-16.
Y.G. Jung, T. Suzuki, and M. Fukumoto, Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Iron Aluminide Intermetallic Compound, Proc 7th International Symposium of JWS, Vol 2, 2001, p 947-952.
F.-L. Toma, G. Bertrand, S. Ok Chwa, C. Coddet, D. Klein, P. Nardin, and A. Ohmori, Studies of the Photocatalytic Efficiency of Titanium Dioxide Powders and Coatings Obtained by Plasma Spraying, Thermal Spray 2004: Advances in Technology and Application, ASM International, May 10-12, 2004 (Osaka, Japan), ASM International, 2004, p 928-933.
F.-L. Toma, G. Bertrand, S. Ok Chwa, D. Klein, H. Liao, C. Meunier, and C. Coddet, Microstructure and Photocatalytic Properties of Nanostructured TiO2 and TiO2-Al Coatings Elaborated by HVOF Spraying for the Nitrogen Oxides Removal, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2006, 417, p 56-62
C.-J. Li, G.-J. Yang, Y.-Y. Wang, C.-X. Li, F.-X. Ye, and A. Ohmori, Phase Formation During Deposition of TiO2 Coatings Through High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Spraying, Mater. Trans., 2006, 47(7), p 1690-1696
A. Wold, Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2, Chem. Mater., 1993, 5, p 280-283
A. Ohmori, H. Shoyama, K. Ohashi, K. Moriya, and C. Li, A Study of the Photo-Catalytic Character of Plasma Sprayed TiO2 Coatings, Trans. JWRI, 1999, 28(1), p 21-26
A. Papyrin, V. Kosarev, S. Klinkov, A. Akkhimov, and V. Fomin, Cold Spray Technology, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2006
V.K. Champagne, The Cold Spray Materials Deposition Process, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, 2007
F. Gartner, T. Schmidt, T. Stoltenhoffand, and H. Kreye, Recent Developments and Potential Applications of Cold Spraying, Adv. Eng. Mater., 2006, 8(7), p 611-618
C.-J. Li, G.-J. Yang, X.-C. Huang, W.-Y. Li, and A. Ohmori, Formation of TiO2 Photocatalyst Through Cold Spraying, Thermal Spray 2004: Advances in Technology and Application, ASM International, May 10-12, 2004 (Osaka, Japan), ASM International, 2004, p 315-319.
H.Y. Lee, Y.H. Yu, Y.C. Lee, Y.P. Hong, and K.H. Ko, Thin Film Coatings of WO3 by Cold Gas Dynamic Spray: A Technical Note, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2005, 14(2), p 183-186
J. Vlcek, L. Gimeno, H. Huber, and E. Lugscheider, A Systematic Approach to Material Eligibility for the Cold-Spray Process, J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2005, 14(1), p 125-133
S. Verajankorva, J. Lagerbom, and P. Vuoristo, Influence of Powder Type and Properties on Ceramic Layer Deposition by Cold Spraying, Proc. ITSC 2006, 2006, CD.
H. Assadi, F. Gartner, T. Stoltenhoff, and H. Kreye, Bonding Mechanism in Cold Gas Spraying, Acta Mater., 2003, 51, p 4379-4394
M. Yamada, H. Wada, K. Sato, and M. Fukumoto, Fabrication of TiO2 Coating by Cold Spraying and Evaluation of Its Property, Proc. ITSC 2008, 2008, CD.
M. Yamada, Y. Kandori, K. Sato, and M. Fukumoto, Fabrication of Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst Coatings by Cold Spray, J. Solid Mech. Mater. Eng., 2009, 3(2), p 210-216
X.-J. Ning, J.-H. Jang, and H.-J. Kim, The Effect of Powder Properties on In-Flight Particle Velocity and Deposition Process During Low Pressure Cold Spray Process, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2007, 253, p 7449-7455
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the Steel Industry Foundation for the Advancement of Environmental Protection Technology. The authors would like to thank TAYCA for the synthesis and supply of the TiO2 powder.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 4th Asian Thermal Spray Conference (ATSC 2009) and has been expanded from the original presentation. ATSC 2009 was held at Nanyang Hotel, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, October 22-24, 2009, and was chaired by Chang-Jiu Li.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamada, M., Isago, H., Nakano, H. et al. Cold Spraying of TiO2 Photocatalyst Coating With Nitrogen Process Gas. J Therm Spray Tech 19, 1218–1223 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-010-9520-1
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-010-9520-1