Addendum to: Uniform Elongation and the Stress-Strain Flow Curve of Steels Calculated from Hardness Using Empirical Correlations

Abstract

The original study by Pavlina and Van Tyne developed correlations of hardness and strength (yield and ultimate tensile strength) (Pavlina and Van Tyne in J Mater Eng Perform 17:888–893, 2008). As an extension to this original work, a later paper developed an empirical relationship between the hardness and uniform elongation of non-austenitic hypoeutectoid steels (Pavlina and Van Tyne in J Mater Eng Perform 23:2247–2254, 2014). The empirical hardness-elongation relationship was combined with the correlations in the original study to show how a single hardness test could predict a reasonable stress-strain flow curve for a steel. The current study provides tables of parameter values for four different hardening models, based on the hardness correlations that were developed in the two previous studies. The models are the two-parameter Holloman model and the three-parameter Ludwig, Swift, and Voce models. Although they are empirical, these parameters allow the flow behavior of steels to be reasonably well characterized, based on a single hardness value. These tables should only be used when limited material is available, or when insufficient data are available for the specific grade of steel needing characterization.