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Relativistic quantum effects of Dirac particles simulated by ultracold atoms

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Abstract

Quantum simulation is a powerful tool to study a variety of problems in physics, ranging from high-energy physics to condensed-matter physics. In this article, we review the recent theoretical and experimental progress in quantum simulation of Dirac equation with tunable parameters by using ultracold neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices or subject to light-induced synthetic gauge fields. The effective theories for the quasiparticles become relativistic under certain conditions in these systems, making them ideal platforms for studying the exotic relativistic effects. We focus on the realization of one, two, and three dimensional Dirac equations as well as the detection of some relativistic effects, including particularly the well-known Zitterbewegung effect and Klein tunneling. The realization of quantum anomalous Hall effects is also briefly discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Quantum Information Technology, School of Physics & Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Dan-wei Zhang  (张丹伟) & Shi-liang Zhu  (朱诗亮)

  2. Department of Physics and Center of Theoretical and Computational Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China

    Dan-wei Zhang  (张丹伟) & Zi-dan Wang  (汪子丹)

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  1. Dan-wei Zhang  (张丹伟)
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  2. Zi-dan Wang  (汪子丹)
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  3. Shi-liang Zhu  (朱诗亮)
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Correspondence to Dan-wei Zhang  (张丹伟).

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Zhang, Dw., Wang, Zd. & Zhu, Sl. Relativistic quantum effects of Dirac particles simulated by ultracold atoms. Front. Phys. 7, 31–53 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-011-0223-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-011-0223-y

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