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CSF CA 15-3 in breast cancer-related leptomeningeal metastases

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Abstract

The sensitivity of CSF cytology, the standard method for diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases (LM), is low. Serum cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) is frequently used for the monitoring of patients with breast cancer (BC) and is a laboratory test available in most centers. The aim of the current study was to determine the feasibility of measuring CSF CA 15-3 and CA 15-3 CSF/serum ratio in patients with BC-related LM. Serum and CSF CA 15-3 values were evaluated in 20 BC patients with LM (Group 1), 20 patients with LM from other primary cancers (Group 2), 20 BC patients with parenchymal brain metastases only (Group 3) and 20 controls (Group 4). CSF and serum were collected on the same day. Serum and CSF CA 15-3 were assessed by an automatized immuno-enzymatic technology (TRACE® technology, KRYPTOR Automate, Brahms Society, France). In univariate analysis, BC patients with LM (Group 1) compared to other groups, a significantly elevated serum CA 15-3 (median 51 U/ml, range 12–2819) and CSF CA 15-3 (median 8.7 U/ml, range 0.1–251) was observed. Additionally, the CSF/serum ratio of CA 15-3 was significantly higher in this group of patients (median 0.18, range 0.002–4.40). Multivariate analysis identified a cut-off for CSF CA15-3 with 80 % sensitivity and 70 % specificity. Conclusions: The current study confirms the feasibility of determining CSF CA 15-3 using a widely available technology. Evaluation of the CSF CA 15-3 may be useful in the diagnosis and management of BC-related LM but further studies are needed.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the staff of the Clinical Research Unit and the Sponsor Unit of the Oscar Lambret Cancer Center (Stéphanie Clisant, Yvette Vendel, Muriel Chapoutier, Laurence Delannoy, Edith Lesieu, Aurélie Roucou, Sophie Costa) and B.R.A.H.M.S for their support. CA 15-3 reactants were provided by Brahms France Society.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Breast Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Oscar Lambret Center, 59 020, Lille Cedex, France

    Emilie Le Rhun, Isabelle Rodrigues, Audrey Mailliez & Jacques Bonneterre

  2. Department of Neurooncology and Neurosurgery, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, 59 037, Lille Cedex, France

    Emilie Le Rhun & François Dubois

  3. Methodology and Biostatistics Unit, Oscar Lambret Center, 59 020, Lille Cedex, France

    Andrew Kramar

  4. Department of Biology, Oscar Lambret Center, 59 020, Lille Cedex, France

    Sophie Salingue

  5. Emergency Department, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, 59 037, Lille Cedex, France

    Marie Girot & Edgar Bakhache

  6. University of Lille Nord de France, EA 146, 59 000, Lille, France

    Marie Girot

  7. Department of Neurosurgery, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, 59 037, Lille Cedex, France

    Fahed Zairi

  8. Department of Pathology, Oscar Lambret Center, 59 020, Lille Cedex, France

    Yves Marie Robin

  9. Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Neuro-oncology, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France

    Sophie Taillibert

  10. University of Lille Nord de France, 59 000, Lille, France

    Jacques Bonneterre

  11. Department of Neurology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Marc C. Chamberlain

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  1. Emilie Le Rhun
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Correspondence to Emilie Le Rhun.

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Le Rhun, E., Kramar, A., Salingue, S. et al. CSF CA 15-3 in breast cancer-related leptomeningeal metastases. J Neurooncol 117, 117–124 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1361-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1361-1

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