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Photochemical synthesis of shape-selective palladium nanocubes in aqueous solution

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Abstract

We have developed a seedless, citrateless one-step synthetic process for the formation of shape controlled monodisperse Pd nanoparticles (NPs) in 4 h of UV-photoirradiation. The synthesis was done in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant media in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The size and shape of the particles can be tuned easily by varying the molar ratio of the CTAB with the Pd salt and by controlling the UV-photoirradiation time. The preferential binding of CTAB to the (100) facets of Pd leads to the formation of Pd nanorods and nanocubes. The approach developed here would reduce the use of seed particles and tri-sodium citrate for the fast synthesis of faceted Pd NPs. The synthesized particles were found to be stable for at least 3 months under ambient conditions at room temperature. This newly developed process might find potential applications in the formation of other materials like Au, Ag, and CdS NPs and applicable in surface enhanced Raman scattering, and different catalysis reactions.

Graphical Abstract

We have developed a seedless, citrateless one-step synthetic process for the formation of shape controlled monodisperse Pd nanoparticles (NPs) in 4 h of UV-photoirradiation. The synthesis was done in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant media in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The size and shape of the particles can be tuned easily by varying the molar ratio of the CTAB with the Pd salt and by controlling the UV-photoirradiation time. The preferential binding of CTAB to the (100) facets of Pd leads to the formation of Pd nanorods and nanocubes. The approach developed here would reduce the use of seed particles and tri-sodium citrate for the fast synthesis of faceted Pd NPs. The synthesized particles were found to be stable for at least 3 months under ambient conditions at room temperature. This newly developed process might find potential applications in the formation of other materials like Au, Ag, and CdS NPs and applicable in surface enhanced Raman scattering, and different catalysis reactions.

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Acknowledgments

This research was in part sponsored by the NSF (0506082 and 0535578); the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University; and the Texas Engineering Experiments Station. Assistance by Mr. David Huitink for AFM analysis was greatly appreciated. Supports for TEM and EDS by Dr. Zhiping Luo at the Microscopy Imaging Center (MIC), Texas A & M University was greatly appreciated.

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  1. Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3123, USA

    Subrata Kundu, Ke Wang, Sean Lau & Hong Liang

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  1. Subrata Kundu
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  2. Ke Wang
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  3. Sean Lau
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  4. Hong Liang
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Correspondence to Subrata Kundu or Hong Liang.

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Kundu, S., Wang, K., Lau, S. et al. Photochemical synthesis of shape-selective palladium nanocubes in aqueous solution. J Nanopart Res 12, 2799–2811 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-010-9858-9

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