Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Implantation of Stainless Steel Embolization Coils

Abstract

Stainless steel embolization coils (SSEC) have been used for over four decades for vascular occlusion. Recently, the safety of these coils in a magnetic resonance environment has been called into question, with important ramifications for thousands of patients with existing coils in place. We performed a retrospective chart review at five tertiary care pediatric centers evaluating all children and young adults with implanted SSEC who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Data reviewed included demographics, coil implantation, MRI studies, and follow-up evaluations. Complications such as heating, discomfort, or device migration were specifically sought. Two hundred and ninety-seven patients with implanted SSEC underwent 539 MRI examinations. The median age at SSEC implantation was 2.3 years (1 week–23.2 years). The MRI studies were performed a median of 7.4 years (4 days–23.1 years) after implantation. No patients experienced any reported complications associated with their MRI examinations during the study or at median follow-up post-MRI of 4.8 years (1 day–23 years). In this large, retrospective review of patients with implanted SSEC undergoing MRI, there were no reported adverse events. These findings support the recent change by Cook Medical Inc. of their standard embolization coils from a designation of magnetic resonance unsafe to conditional.