Abstract
A segregating introgression population, established by crossing an accession ofSolanum hougasii from the central highlands of Mexico with two successive recurrent corky ringspot resistant parental lines, was screened againstPhytophthora infestans. Foliage and tuber reactions were compared under natural epidemics of US-8 and US-11P. infestans at Mount Vernon, Washington, natural epidemics at Toluca, Mexico, and by laboratory assays with US-8 and US-11P. infestans at Pullman, Washington. Relative area under disease progress curve (RAUDPC) values in the field ranged from 3 to 80 and 2 to 42 for the 1998 and 1999 populations at Mount Vernon, respectively, and from 5 to 63, 2 to 79, and 4 to 76 in 1998, 1999 and 2000 for the populations at Toluca, respectively. Of the progeny lines tested during 1998 and 1999 at Mount Vernon, 7% were resistant, 60% were intermediate, and 33% were susceptible. Of those tested during 1998, 1999, and 2000 at Toluca, 33, 31, and 36% were resistant, intermediate and susceptible, respectively. RAUDPC values in the field at Mount Vernon and Toluca were significantly (P = 0.0001) correlated. Late blight severity on detached leaflets inoculated with US-8 and US-11P. infestans in the laboratory ranged from 0 to 64% or 65%, respectively. Severity of infection on inoculated tubers ranged from 0 to 68% for US-8 and 0 to 80% for US-11. Disease severity on leaflets in laboratory tests was significantly correlated with field RAUDPC values, but tuber severity in laboratory tests was not, although some lines exhibited resistance in both the foliage and tubers. Foliar resistance in the field was characterized by leaf chlorosis, as well as limited lesion expansion and sporulation. Estimate of broad-sense heritability was relatively high. Only 15% of this BC1 population showed significant instability, giving little indication of specific interactions between genotypes and populations of theP. infestans pathogen that would be indicative of R-gene interactions. The introgression population (BC1) appears to be expressing highly heritable durable resistance. The high heritability estimate suggests that utilization of highly resistant and stable BC1 genotypes, such as 53.78, as a parental source of foliar late blight resistance will transmit substantial nonrace specific genetic resistance to future progenies, and that ultimately, after several cycles of backcrossing and selection, this genetic potential could be deployed in new potato cultivars.
Resumen
ElSolanum hougasii de las zonas montañosas centrales de México con dos líneas de progenitores sucesivamente recurrentes, resistentes al anillo corchoso, fue tamizado contraPhytophthora infestans. Se compararon reacciones de follaje y tubérculos de US-8 y US-11 bajo epidemia natural deP. infestans en Mount Vernon, Washington, epidemia natural en Toluca, Méxicoy por pruebas de laboratorio conP. infestans de US-8 y US-11 en Pullman, Washington. Los valores del área relativa de bajo de la curva de progreso de la enfermedad (RAUDPC) en el campo variaron de 3 a 80 y de 2 a 42 para poblaciones de 1998 y 1999 en Mount Vernon, respectivamente y de 5 a 63, 2 a 79 y 4 a 76 en 1998,1999 y 2000 respectivamente para poblaciones de Toluca. De las líneas de progenie probadas durante 1998 y 1999 en Vernon, el 7% fueron resistente, el 60 intermedias y 33% susceptibles. Entre aquellas probadas en Toluca durante 1998,1999 y 2000,33,31 y 36% fueron resistentes, intermediasy susceptibles respectivamente. Los valores RAUDPC en el campo en Mount Vernon y Toluca fueron significativamente correlacionados (P=0.0001). La severidad del tizón tardío en foliolos separados inoculados conP. infestans de US-8 y US-11 en el laboratorio variaron de 0-64% o 65% respectivamente. La severidad de infección en tubérculos inoculados varió de 0-68% para US-8 y de 0 a 80 para US-11. La severidad de la enfermedad en foliolos en pruebas de laboratorio fue significativamente correlacionada con los valores RAUDPC de campo, pero la severidad en el tubérculo de las pruebas de laboratorio no lo fue, aunque algunas líneas mostraron resistencia en el follaje y tubérculos. La resistencia foliar en el campo se caracterizó por clorosis, así como lesiones de expansión y esporulación limitadas. Los estimados de heredabilidad en sentido amplio fueron relativamente altos. Solo el 15% de esta poblacion BC1 mostró una significativa inestabilidad, dando poca indicatión de las interacciones específicas entre genotipos y poblaciones del patógenoP. infestans que indicaría interacciones de genes R. La población introgresiva (BC1) parece estar expresando resistencia hereditaria altamente durable. El alto grado de heredabilidad estimada sugiere que la utilizatión de genotipos BC1 altamente resistentes y estables, por ejemplo el 53.78, como fuente de resistencia de los progenitores altizón tardío foliar transmitirä la resistencia genética de raza no específica a futuras progenies y finalmente después de varios ciclos de retrocruzamientos y selection, este potencial genético puede ser desplegado en cultivares nuevos de papa.
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Inglis, D.A., Brown, C.R., Gundersen, B.G. et al. Assessment ofsolatium hougasii in Washington and Mexico as a source of resistance to late blight. Amer J of Potato Res 84, 217–228 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02986271
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02986271